Gas supersaturation.
Water contains Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon dioxide and other gases.
Total Pressure of these dissolved gases is equal to the sum of partial pressures of all gases dissolved in water.
If the partial pressure of a gas is less in the air than its partial pressure in water, then
water is supersaturated with that gas.
The gas will diffuse from water to atmosphere.
In supersaturated water, the gases that are supersaturated are always
diffusing into the atmosphere in the form of bubbles*.
- Addition of very
cold water during water change.
Cold water has lot of dissolved gases.
Municipality pumps force even more air into water while pumping with great pressure. If large water changes are done with cold water in a single stretch, it can result in supersaturation.
This can be prevented by doing the large water change with several breaks; mixing cold water with hot water and letting it fall from a hose from a height.
- Water can be supersaturated when
heated in a closed boiler.
*Gus bubble disease (GBD)
If fish are exposed to this water, the gas will diffuse across the gills into the fish. As blood gets saturated with gases, they start escaping in the form of bubbles. Bubbles can form in the gills, fins, skin and blood. If bubbles are formed in blood, it can block circulation, especially to small fish. Some of the symptoms of gas supersaturation are pop-eye, floating upside down, bleeding around the eyes, swollen belly and secondary bacterial and fungal infections caused by stress. Sometimes there may be no symptoms but when you run your hand in water, you may see a swarm of micro bubbles. Supersaturation may appear and disappear randomly depending on the pumping rate and aeration in the system.
Kι αλλες χρησιμες πληροφοριες εδω
http://smartkoi.com/Koi_Science/Supe...aturation.html
Αν εχει CO2 το νερο του δικτυου μπορουμε να το καταλαβουμε αν μετρησουμε pH μολις το βγαλουμε απο τη βρυση και παλι μετα απο λιγες ωρες και το βρουμε ανεβασμενο.